Who Must Submit to Post-Accident Testing and When? Health Articles | August 21 Jake Arrieta Jersey , 2019 In most cases, when a traffic citation is issued it becomes necessary to test all CDL holders involved, even if they were not the recipient of the citation.
The reason the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) requires聽post-accident drug testing聽of drivers and others in safety-sensitive functions* is to promote safety on the roads. This helps prevent accidents that endanger drivers and passengers.
It is the responsibility for all holders of commercial drivers’ licenses (CDLs) to remain sober and safe in their operation of a commercial vehicle –聽at all times. In most cases, drivers are subject to mandatory聽random testing for drug use聽as an ongoing condition of their employment Aaron Nola Jersey , and alcohol testing when a trained supervisor deems it necessary due to observed behaviors.聽
But in the case of an actual accident it is mandatory for any and all drivers involved to submit to drug and alcohol tests, with some conditions:
Fatality involved in the accident, citation issued– If police identify fault in any driver, all drivers holding a CDL need to be tested. Bodily injury involved Andrew McCutchen Jersey , citation issued– Even if there is no fault determined at the scene, drug and alcohol tests need to be conducted on holders of CDLs. Bodily injury involved, no citation issued– If no citation is issued to any drivers, no tests are required. At least one vehicle disabled in the accident Rhys Hoskins Jersey , citation issued– If one or more motor vehicles in the accident is believed to be at fault, all drivers holding a CDL are required to have a drug and alcohol test. At least one vehicle disabled in the accident, no citation issued– If there is no fault suspected at the scene such that police issue no citations, no tests need be conducted.
Post-accident testing is very time sensitive.
According to the Legal Information InstituteCornell Law School publication on post-accident testing J. T. Realmuto Jersey , alcohol and drug tests need to be performed “as soon as practicable following an occurrence.” It goes on to state the responsibility is on employers to do the test (almost always through third party testing firms).
Note that citations might not be issued in the immediate aftermath. Employers are responsible for testing if a citation is issued within eight hours of the incident. However, if a citation is issued later, up to 32 hours post-accident, a drug test still needs to be performed.
The law also states that “a driver who is subject to post-accident testing shall remain readily available” for such testing. If not Maikel Franco Jersey , they can be deemed as having refused to submit to the test. It is the responsibility of the employer to inform the driver in the immediate aftermath of the accident of his or her responsibilities: They re required to stay close and in contact should the need for a test arise in the 32-hour time period.
* Safety sensitive functions include more than times while driving a commercial vehicle on the public roadways. It also includes when the commercial drivers license holder is at a shipping depot, terminal, other property (private and public) when loading or unloading a vehicle, or when waiting for a dispatch.聽
Culture is a like dropping an Alka-seltzer into a glass ? you don't see it Bryce Harper Jersey , but somehow it does something. Hans Magnus Enzensberger
Culture affects everything we do. This applies to all areas of human life from personal relationships to conducting business abroad. When interacting within our native cultures, culture acts as a framework of understanding. However, when interacting with different cultures this framework no longer applies due to cross cultural differences.
Cross cultural communication aims to help minimise the negative impact of cross cultural differences through building common frameworks for people of different cultures to interact within. In business, cross cultural solutions are applied in areas such as HR Jean Segura Jersey , team building, foreign trade, negotiations and website design.
Cross cultural communication solutions are also critical to effective cross cultural advertising. Services and products are usually designed and marketed at a domestic audience. When a product is then marketed at an international audience the same domestic advertising campaign abroad will in most cases be ineffective.
The essence of advertising is convincing people that a product is meant for them. By purchasing it, they will receive some benefit Mike Schmidt Jersey , whether it be lifestyle, status, convenience or financial. However, when an advertising campaign is taken abroad different values and perceptions as to what enhances status or gives convenience exist. These differences make the original advertising campaign defunct.
It is therefore critical to any cross cultural advertising campaign that an understanding of a particular culture is acquired. By way of highlighting areas of cross cultural differences in advertising a few examples shall be examined.
Language in Cross Cultural Advertising
It may seem somewhat obvious to state that language is key to effective cross cultural advertising. However Throwback Philadelphia Phillies Jerseys , the fact that companies persistently fail to check linguistic implications of company or product names and slogans demonstrates that such issues are not being properly addressed.
The advertising world is littered with examples of linguistic cross cultural blunders. Of the more comical was Ford's introduction of the 'Pinto' in Brazil. After seeing sales fail, they soon realised that this was due to the fact that Brazilians did not want to be seen driving a car meaning 'tiny male genitals'.
CampusMaximus Stadtforum
Thema drucken
12.02.2020 07:27
Antworten
